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Microsoft AZ-400 Sample Questions
Question # 1
In Azure DevOps, you create Project3.You need to meet the requirements of the project.What should you do first?
A. From Azure DevOps, create a service endpoint.
B. From SonarQube, obtain an authentication token.
C. From Azure DevOps, modify the build definition.
D. From SonarQube, create a project.
Explanation:The first thing to do is to declare your SonarQube server as a service endpoint in your VSTS/DevOps project settings.References:https://docs.sonarqube.org/display/SCAN/Analyzing+with+SonarQube+Extension+for+vstsTFS
Question # 2
You are designing an Azure DevOps strategy for your company’s development team.You suspect that the team’s productivity is low due to accumulate technical debt.You need to recommend a metric to assess the amount of the team’s technical debt.What should you recommend?
A. the number of code modules in an application
B. the number of unit test failures
C. the percentage of unit test failures
D. the percentage of overall time spent on rework
Question # 3
You have an Azure DevOps organization named Contoso and art Azure subscription The subscription contains an Azure virtual machine scale set named VMSS1 that is configured for autoscaling.You use Azure DevOps to build a web app named Appl and deploy Appl to VMSS1. Appl is used heavily and has usage patterns that vary on a weekly basis.You need to recommend a solution to detect an abnormal rise in the rate of failed requests to Appl. The solution must minimize administrative effort.What should you include in the recommendation?
A. an Azure Service Health alert
B. the Failures feature in Azure Application Insights
C. the Smart Detection feature m Azure Application Insights
D. an Azure Monitor alert that uses an Azure Log Analytics query
Explanation:After setting up Application Insights for your project, and if your app generates a certainminimum amount of data, Smart Detection of failure anomalies takes 24 hours to learn thenormal behavior of your app, before it is switched on and can send alerts.Reference:https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/azure-monitor/app/proactive-failure-diagnostics
Question # 4
Your company implements an Agile development methodology.You plan to implement retrospectives at the end of each sprint.Which three questions should you include? Each correct answer presents part of the solution.NOTE: Each correct selection is worth one point.
A. Who performed well?
B. Who should have performed better?
C. What could have gone better?
D. What went well?
E. What should we try next?
Explanation:Sprint retrospective meetingsThe sprint retrospective meeting typically occurs on the last day of the sprint, after thesprint review meeting. In this meeting, your team explores its execution of Scrum and whatmight need tweaking.Based on discussions, your team might decide to change one or more processes toimprove its own effectiveness, productivity, quality, and satisfaction. This meeting and theresulting improvements are critical to the agile principle of self-organization.Look to address these areas during your team sprint retrospectives:Issues that affected your team’s general effectiveness, productivity, and quality.Elements that impacted your team’s overall satisfaction and project flow.What happened to cause incomplete backlog items? What actions will the teamtake to prevent these issues in the future?Reference:https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/devops/boards/sprints/best-practices-scrum
Question # 5
You plan to create a project in Azure DevOps. Multiple developers will work on the project. The developers will work offline frequently and will require access to the full project history while they are offline.Which version control solution should you use?
A. TortotseSVN
B. Team Foundation Version Control
C. Subversion
D. Git
Explanation:Git history: File history is replicated on the client dev machine and can be viewed evenwhen not connected to the server. You can view history in Visual Studio and on the web portal.Note: Azure Repos supports two types of version control: Git and Team Foundation Version Control (TFVC).Reference:https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/devops/repos/tfvc/comparison-git-tfvc
Question # 6
You have a containerized solution that runs in Azure Container Instances. The solution contains a frontend container named App1 and a backend container named DB1. DB1 loads a large amount of data during startup.You need to verify that DB1 can handle incoming requests before users can submit requests to Appl.What should you configure?
A. a Iiveness probe
B. an Azure Load Balancer health probe
C. a readiness probe
D. a performance log
Explanation:For containerized applications that serve traffic, you might want to verify that your containeris ready to handle incoming requests. Azure Container Instances supports readinessprobes to include configurations so that your container can’t be accessed under certain conditions.Reference:https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/container-instances/container-instances-readinessprobe
Question # 7
You need to execute inline testing of an Azure DevOps pipeline that uses a Docker deployment model. The solution must prevent the results from being published to the pipeline.What should you use for the inline testing?
A. a single stage Dockerfile
B. an Azure Kubernetes Service (AKS) pod
C. a multi-stage Dockerfile
D. a Docker Compose file
Explanation:Use Docker when running integration tests with Azure Pipelines.Reference:https://crossprogramming.com/2019/12/27/use-docker-when-running-integration-tests-withazure-pipeline…
Question # 8
You have a Microsoft ASP.NET Core web app in Azure that is accessed worldwide.You need to run a URL ping test once every five minutes and create an alert when the web app is unavailable from specific Azure regions. The solution must minimize development time.What should you do?
A. Create an Azure Application Insights availability test and alert.
B. Create an Azure Service Health alert for the specific regions.
C. Create an Azure Monitor Availability metric and alert
D. Write an Azure function and deploy the function to the specific regions.
Explanation:There are three types of Application Insights availability tests:URL ping test: a simple test that you can create in the Azure portal.Multi-step web testCustom Track Availability TestsNote: After you’ve deployed your web app/website, you can set up recurring tests tomonitor availability and responsiveness. Azure Application Insights sends web requests toyour application at regular intervals from points around the world. It can alert you if yourapplication isn’t responding, or if it responds too slowly.You can set up availability tests for any HTTP or HTTPS endpoint that is accessible fromthe public internet. You don’t have to make any changes to the website you’re testing. Infact, it doesn’t even have to be a site you own. You can test the availability of a REST APIthat your service depends on.Reference:https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/azure-monitor/app/monitor-web-appavailability#create-a-url-pi…
Question # 9
You are creating a build pipeline in Azure Pipelines.You define several tests that might fail due to third-party applications.You need to ensure that the build pipeline completes successfully if the third-party applications are unavailable.What should you do?
A. Configure the build pipeline to use parallel jobs
B. Configure flaky tests
C. Increase the test pass percentage
D. Add the Requirements quality widget to your dashboard
Explanation:Requirements traceability is the ability to relate and document two or more phases of adevelopment process, which can then be traced both forward or backward from its origin.Requirements traceability help teams to get insights into indicators such as quality ofrequirements or readiness to ship the requirement. A fundamental aspect of requirementstraceability is association of the requirements to test cases, bugs and code changes.Reference:https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/devops/pipelines/test/requirements-traceability
Question # 10
You have an existing project in Azure DevOps.You plan to integrate GitHub as the repository for the projectYou need to ensure that Azure Pipelines runs under the Azure Pipelines identityWhich authentication mechanism should you use?
A. GitHubApp
B. OAuth
C. personal access token (PAT)
D. Azure Active Directory (Azure AD)
Explanation:GitHub App uses the Azure Pipelines identity.Reference:https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/devops/pipelines/repos/github
Question # 11
You have an Azure subscription. The subscription contains virtual machines that run either Windows Server or Linux.You plan to use Prometheus to monitor performance metrics.You need to integrate Prometheus and Azure Monitor.Which two actions should you perform? Each correct answer presents part of the solution.NOTE: Each correct selection is worth one point.
A. Install a Prometheus server on a Windows virtual machine in Azure.
B. On each virtual machine, expose the metrics endpoint.
C. On each virtual machine, enable the Azure Diagnostics extension.
D. On each virtual machine, enable the containerized agent for Azure Monitor.
E. Expose a virtual network service endpoint for Azure Storage.
F. Install a Prometheus server on a Linux virtual machine in Azure.
Question # 12
Your company uses Azure DevOps to manage the build and release processes for applications.You use a Git repository for applications source control.You plan to create a new branch from an existing pull request. Later, you plan to merge the new branch and the target branch of the pull request.You need to use a pull request action to create the new branch. The solution must ensure that the branch uses only a portion of the code in the pull request.Which pull request action should you use?
A. Set as default branch
B. Approve with suggestions
C. Cherry-pick
D. Reactivate
E. Revert
Explanation:Cherry-pick a pull requestTo copy changes made in a pull request to another branch in your repo, follow these steps:In a completed pull request, select Cherry-pick, or for an active pull request, selectCherry-pick from the … menu. Cherry-picking a pull request in this way creates anew branch with the copied changes. Merge into a target branch in a second pullrequest.In Target branch, enter the branch you want to merge the copied changes.In Topic branch name, enter a new branch to contain the copied changes, thenselect Cherry-pick.Select Create pull request to merge the topic branch into the target branch tocomplete the cherry-pick.Reference:https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/devops/repos/git/pull-requests
Question # 13
Your company uses Azure Artifacts for package management.You need to configure an upstream source in Azure Artifacts for Python packages.Which repository type should you use as an upstream source?
A. PyPI
B. npmjs.org
C. Maven Central
D. third-party trusted Python
Explanation:Get started with Python packages in Azure ArtifactsCreate a feedSelect Artifacts (in the left navigation of your Azure DevOps project).On the Artifacts page, select Create Feed.In the Create new feed dialog box:In the Name field, give the feed a name.PyPI is the default repository name for twine, which is a tool for publishing Pythonpackages.Reference:https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/devops/artifacts/quickstarts/python-packages
Question # 14
You have an Azure DevOps organization named Contoso.You need to recommend an authentication mechanism that meets the following requirements:• Supports authentication from Git• Minimizes the need to provide credentials during authenticationWhat should you recommend?
A. managed identities in Azure Active Directory (Azure AD)
B. personal access tokens (PATs) in Azure DevOps
C. user accounts in Azure Active Directory (Azure AD)
D. Alternate credentials in Azure DevOps
Question # 15
After you answer a question in this section, you will NOT be able to return to it. As a result, these questions will not appear in the review screen.You have an Azure DevOps organization named Contoso and an Azure subscription. The subscription contains an Azure virtual machine scale set named VMSS1 that is configured for autoscaling.You have a project in Azure DevOps named Project1. Project1 is used to build a web app named App1 and deploy App1 to VMSS1.You need to ensure that an email alert is generated whenever VMSS1 scales in or out.Solution: From Azure Monitor, create an action group.Does this meet the goal?
A. Yes
B. No
Question # 16
You plan to provision a self-hosted Linux agentWhich authentication mechanism should you use to register the self-hosted agent?
A. SSH key
B. personal access token (PAT)
C. Alternate credentials
D. certificate
Explanation:Note: PAT Supported only on Azure Pipelines and TFS 2017 and newer. After you choosePAT, paste the PAT token you created into the command prompt window. Use a personalaccess token (PAT) if your Azure DevOps Server or TFS instance and the agent machineare not in a trusted domain. PAT authentication is handled by your Azure DevOps Serveror TFS instance instead of the domain controller.Reference:https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/devops/pipelines/agents/v2-linux
Question # 17
After you answer a question in this section, you will NOT be able to return to it. As a result, these questions will not appear in the review screen.You use Azure Pipelines to build and test a React js application.You have a pipeline that has a single job.You discover thai installing JavaScript packages from npm takes approximately five minutes each time you run the pipeline.You need to recommend a solution to reduce the pipeline execution time.Solution: You recommend defining a container job that uses a custom container that has the JavaScript packages preinstalled.Does this meet the goal?
A. Yes
B. No
Question # 18
You have an existing build pipeline in Azure Pipelines.You need to use incremental builds without purging the environment between pipeline executions.What should you use?
A. a File Transform task
B. a self-hosted agent
C. Microsoft-hosted parallel jobs
Question # 19
After you answer a question in this section, you will NOT be able to return to it. As a result, these questions will not appear in the review screen.You have an Azure DevOps organization named Contoso and an Azure subscription. The subscription contains an Azure virtual machine scale set named VMSS1 that is configured for autoscaling.You have a project in Azure DevOps named Project1. Project1 is used to build a web app named App1 and deploy App1 to VMSS1.You need to ensure that an email alert is generated whenever VMSS1 scales in or out.Solution: From Azure DevOps, configure the Notifications settings for Project1.Does this meet the goal?
A. Yes
B. No
Question # 20
You are designing the security validation strategy for a project in Azure DevOps.You need to identify package dependencies that have known security issues and can be resolved by an update.What should you use?
A. Octopus Deploy
B. Jenkins
C. Gradle
D. SonarQube
Reference: https://octopus.com/docs/packaging-applications
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